The philosopher Roman Witold Ingarden was an important contributor to phenomenology, ontology, and aesthetics, who defended realist phenomenology against Husserl’s later transcendental idealism. In aesthetics, he elaborated a theory of the literary work according to which literary works have a complex structure and exist as intentional objects.
Ingarden’ Theory of the Literary Work. 5
Life
Roman Ingarden was born in Kraków on February 5th, 1893. He began his studies at the Polish-language University of Lwów (also known as Lemberg under the Austrian partition, today Lviv in western Ukraine) under Kazimierz Twardowski in 1911, but moved to Göttingen in 1912, where he studied philosophy as his main subject under Edmund Husserl and additionally mathematics under David Hilbert and psychology under Georg Müller....
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Citation: Wolenski, Jan. "Roman Witold Ingarden". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 01 November 2010 [https://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=12591, accessed 09 June 2026.]

