Franz Grillparzer, perhaps the greatest nineteenth-century Austrian playwright, played a decisive role in shaping the ideal of Austria as a European multi-national empire. A cosmopolitan deeply indebted to the Enlightenment, he cherished individualism and individual rights. His writings reveal an increasing disillusionment with the emerging nationalist and ethnocentric paradigms that place collective interests above the individual. Grillparzer was critical of the developments leading to a German national state and characterized the course of German education (Bildung) since Hegel as a progression from “humanism to nationalism to bestiality”.

Regardless of the setting of his texts – Greek antiquity, medieval and early mod

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First published 30 January 2004

Citation: Lorenz, Dagmar C. G.. "Franz Grillparzer". The Literary Encyclopedia. 30 January 2004.
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=5600, accessed 9 February 2010.]