Archbishop Gebhard of Cologne, who has converted to Calvinism but is trying to retain his position and establish parity for Catholics and Calvinists in the diocese, is deposed by Pope Gregory XIII, who appoints Ernest of Bavaria as his successor.
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Citation: Editors, Litencyc. "Pope Gregory XIII deposes Archbishop Gebhard of Cologne". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 01 February 2011 [https://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=15284, accessed 09 June 2026.]
