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James III the Pretender is forced to leave France

Historical Context Note

Litencyc Editors (Independent Scholar - Europe)
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James Edward Stuart, the 'Old Pretender', is forced to leave France because of the new Triple Alliance. He flees instead to the protection of the Papacy.

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Citation: Editors, Litencyc. "James III the Pretender is forced to leave France". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 01 April 2011 [https://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=17200, accessed 09 June 2026.]

17200 James III the Pretender is forced to leave France 2 Historical context notes are intended to give basic and preliminary information on a topic. In some cases they will be expanded into longer entries as the Literary Encyclopedia evolves.

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