The British civil wars had begun in part as a result of protests
(in the English Parliament and in Scotland) against what they saw
as King Charles I's attempts to change the Anglican Church in the
direction of Roman Catholicism. As the conflict went on, however,
the focus of power in the Parliamentarian camp shifted from
'defending' the Church to reforming it in a Puritan direction. By
the Commonwealth period, even Presbyterian MPs had been purged from
the House of Commons. In April 1650, Parliament passed an Act
requiring strict observance of the Lord's Day, and making a failure
to do so a punishable offence.
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