By March 1861 seven southern slave states, South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas, had declared their independence and seceded from the United States, forming the Confederate States of America (1861-1865). They were followed by a further 4 states, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina after the start of the American Civil War in April 1861. The Confederacy was not recognised by the government of the US (The Union).