John Wyclif was an Oxford-based reformist theologian, whose
ideas became the basis of the Lollard movement, which is often seen
as a precursor of Protestantism. One of the ways in which his
beliefs foreshadowed those of Martin Luther and other
sixteenth-century reformers was his emphasis both on the authority
of scripture (relative to later Church writings) and on vernacular
translation. He pointed out that listening to the Bible in Latin
made less sense in England than in areas like Italy, Spain and even
France, where the vernacular language bore a closer relation to the
Vulgate. In 1380 he was responsible for the production of an entire
translation of the Bible into English.
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