At the end of the Second World War (1939-1945), the divergent ideologies of the Western Bloc nations (primarily the U.S. and its NATO allies) and the Eastern Bloc alliance (primarily the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics [USSR]) erupted into a Cold War that not only separated the Western and Eastern Blocs but also led to martial law, strategies of global containment, security dilemmas, excessive military build-ups, and “an ever-deepening whirlpool of distrust” (Gaddis, 27). The Western Bloc, led by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, sought cooperation to shape a postwar settlement that would ensure a lasting peace and would spread democracy. However, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, the Eastern Bloc leader, sought security for his country (Russia) and worldwide embrace of his ideology (communism). As part of the post-war compromise...
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Citation: Beene, LynnDianne. "The Spy Who Came in from the Cold". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 27 February 2018 [https://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=7815, accessed 09 June 2026.]

