Archbishop Laud had been the main driving force behind Charles
I's attempt to reform the Churches of England and Scotland along
Arminian lines, which had angered Puritans as its ideals seemed
unnervingly close to those of Roman Catholicism. His attempt to
introduce a new Prayer Book in Scotland had sparked the Covenanters
movement and the Bishops' Wars. As a result, when the Long
Parliament met in November 1640, he was a prime candidate for
attack. He was impeached on the grounds of having taken on
tyrannical powers, having subverted the true religion, and having
caused the Scottish wars. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London,
and finally executed on 10th January 1645.
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