The European powers sign the Suez Canal convention at
Constantinople, declaring the canal open to all nations in both war
and peace. The signatories are Britain, France, Germany,
Austria-Hungary, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia and the
Ottoman Empire.
Citation:
Editors. "Suez Canal convention opens it to all nations in war and peace".
The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 30 December 2011
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=19001, accessed 19 June 2013.]